TYPE 3 FIMBRIAE ENCODED ON PLASMIDS ARE EXPRESSED FROM A UNIQUE PROMOTER WITHOUT AFFECTING HOST MOTILITY, FACILITATING AN EXCEPTIONAL PHENOTYPE THAT ENHANCES CONJUGAL PLASMID TRANSFER.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the transmission of genetic material to a recipient that is not the progeny of the donor, is fundamental in bacterial evolution.HGT is often mediated by mobile genetic elements such as conjugative plasmids, which may be in conflict with the chromosomal elements of the genome because they are independent replicons tha

BackgroundThe standard approach for evaluating the effects of population-level substance use prevention efforts on youth and young adult perceptions and behaviors has been to compare outcomes across states using national surveillance data.Novel surveillance methods that follow individuals over shorter time intervals and capture awareness of substan